2009

• Mustafa Jarrar and Marios D. Dikaiakos: A Data Mashup Language for the Data Web. Proceedings of LDOW, WWW'09. ACM. ISSN 1613-0073. (2009).
  - Abstract- BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by +5

  close
  Abstract.This paper is motivated by the massively increasing structured data on the Web (Data Web), and the need for novel methods to exploit these data to their full potential. Building on the remarkable success of Web 2.0 mashups, this paper regards the internet as a database, where each web data source is seen as a table, and a mashup is seen as a query over these sources. We propose a data mashup language, which allows people to intuitively query and mash up structured and linked data on the web. Unlike existing query methods, the novelty of MashQL is that it allows people to navigate, query, and mash up a data source(s) without any prior knowledge about its schema, vocabulary, or technical details. We even do not assume even that a data source should an online or inline schema. Furthermore, MashQL supports query pipes as a built-in concept, rather than only a visualization of links between modules.
  Keywords:Linked-Data, Semantic Web, Data Web, Linked Data, Web 3.0, Web 2.0, RDF, SPARQL, Languages, Query-by-Diagram, Mashups, Query Pipelines, Human Factors, Design, Management.

  close
  @inproceedings{JD09,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Marios D. Dikaiakos},
  title={A Data Mashup Language for the Data Web},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the WWW2009 Workshop on Linked Data on the Web},
  year={2009},
  month={April},
  publisher={CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
  volume={538},
  ISSN={1613-0073},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JD09},
  url={http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-538/ldow2009_paper14.pdf}
  }
  
  
• Sergey Lukichev and Mustafa Jarrar: Graphical Notations for Rule Modeling. Book chapter in "Handbook of Research on Emerging Rule-Based Languages and Technologies". IGI Global. ISBN:1-60566-402-2. (2009)
  - Abstract- BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by +1 - The Book

  close
  Abstract. This chapter describes various graphical notations for rule modeling. Rule modeling methodologies, empowered with graphical notations, play an important role in helping business experts and rule engineers to represent business rules formally for further deployment into a rule execution system. Rules, represented graphically, can be easier understood by business people and by technicians without intensive technical learning. In this chapter we mainly focus on three graphical notations for rules: UML/OCL, URML and ORM. UML/OCL is a mainstream modeling technology in software development, which is also accommodated by some business experts when modeling a system at the semi-formal, platform independent level. URML extends UML with additional graphical symbols and the concept of a rule, which allows visualization of different rule types on top of UML class diagrams. ORM is an alternative methodology with a rich graphical notation for modeling a domain at the conceptual level. The methodological power, graphical expressivity, and verbalization capabilities of ORM have made it the most popular language within the business rules community. This chapter introduces each of these graphical notations, explain how it can be used, and compare them against each other.

  close
  @inbook{LJ09,
  author={ Sergey Lukichev and Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Graphical Notations for Rule Modeling},
  chapter={4},
  pages={76-98},
  year={2009},
  publisher={IGI Global},
  volume={2},
  booktitle={Handbook of Research on Emerging Rule-Based Languages and Technologies: Open Solutions and Approaches},
  isbn={1605664022},
  DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-402-6.ch004},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#LJ09},
  url={http://www.igi-global.com/bookstore/Chapter.aspx?TitleId=35855}
  }
  
  

2008

• Mustafa Jarrar and Marios D. Dikaiakos: MashQL: A Query-by-Diagram Language -Towards Semantic Data Mashups. Proceedings of ONISW'08, part of the ACM CiKM conference. ACM. pages (89-96) ISBN 9781605582559. (2008).
  - Abstract- BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by +10

  close
  Abstract. This article is motivated by the importance of building web data mashups. Building on the remarkable success of Web 2.0 mashups, and specially Yahoo Pipes, we generalize the idea of mashups and regard the Internet as a database. Each internet data source is seen as a table, and a mashup is seen as a query on these tables. We assume that web data sources are represented in RDF, and SPARQL is the query language.
  We propose a query-by-diagram language called MashQL. The goal is to allow people to build data mashups diagrammatically. In the background, MashQL queries are translated into and executed as SPARQL queries. The novelty of MashQL is that it allows querying a data source without any prior understanding of the schema or the structure of this source. Users also do not need any knowledge about RDF/SPARQL to get started.
  Keywords: Query-by-Diagram, Mashups, Query Pipelines, Semantic Web, Data Web, Linked Data, Web 3.0, Web 2.0, RDF, SPARQL, Languages, Human Factors, Design, Management.

  close
  @inproceedings{J07b,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Marios D. Dikaiakos},
  title={MashQL: a query-by-diagram topping SPARQL},
  booktitle={ONISW '08: Proceeding of the 2nd international workshop on Ontologies and nformation systems for the semantic web},
  location={Napa Valley, California, USA},
  year={2008},
  month={November},
  pages={89-96},
  publisher={ACM},
  isbn={978-1-60558-255-9},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JD08},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/resource/publications/conf/cikm/JarrarD08},
  doi={http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1458484.1458499}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar: Towards Effectiveness and Transparency in e-Business Transactions, An Ontology for Customer Complaint Management. A book chapter in "Semantic Web Methodologies for E-Business Applications". chapter 7. pp.127-149. IGI Global. ISBN: 978-1-60566-066-0. (2009)
  - Abstract- BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 7

  close
  Abstract. This chapter presents an ontology for customer complaint management, which has been developed in the CCFORM project. CCFORM is an EU funded project (IST-2001-38248) with an aim of studying the foundation of a central European customer complaint portal. The idea is that any consumer can register a complaint against any party about any problem, at one portal. This portal should: support 11 languages, be sensitive to cross-border business regulations, dynamic, and can be extended by companies. To manage this dynamicity and to control companies' extensions, a customer complaint ontology (CContology) has to be built to underpin the CC portal. In other words, the complaint forms are generated based on the ontology. The CContology comprises classifications of complaint problems, complaint resolutions, complainant, complaint-recipient, ''best-practices'', rules of complaint, etc. The main uses of this ontology are 1) to enable consistent implementation (and interoperation) of all software complaint management mechanisms based on a shared background vocabulary, which can be used by many stakeholders. 2) to play the role of a domain ontology that encompasses the core complaining elements and that can be extended by either individual or groups of firms; and 3) to generate CC-forms based on its ontological commitments and to enforce the validity (and/or integrity) of their population. To end, we outline our experience in applying the methodological principles (Double-Articulation and Modularization) and the tool (DogmaModeler) that we used in developing the CContology.
  Keywords: e-Commerce, CRM, Customer Relationship management, Customer Complaints Forms, Ontology, Customer Complaint Ontology, Semantics, Domain Axiomatization, Multilingual Ontology, Ontology Engineering, Methodology, Double Articulation, Modularization Context, Gloss, Lexon, DogmaModeler.

  close
  @inbook{J08,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Towards Effectiveness and Transparency in e-Business Transactions, An Ontology for Customer Complaint Management},
  chapter={7},
  year={2008},
  publisher={IGI Global},
  pages={127-149},
  booktitle={Semantic Web Methodologies for E-Business Applications},
  ISBN={978-1-60566-066-0},
  doi={10.4018/978-1-60566-066-0.ch007},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#J08},
  url={http://www.igi-global.com/Bookstore/Chapter.aspx?TitleId=28866},
  DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-066-0.ch007}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar and Stijn Heymans: Towards Pattern-based Reasoning for Friendly Ontology Debugging. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools. Volume 17. No.4. World Scientific Publishing. August 2008.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by +7

  close
  Abstract. Reasoning with ontologies is a challenging task specially for non-logic experts. When checking whether an ontology contains rules that contradict each other, current description logic reasoners can only provide a list of the unsatisfiable concepts. Figuring out why these concepts are unsatisfiable, which rules cause conflicts, and how to resolve these conflicts, is all left to the ontology modeler himself. The problem becomes even more challenging in case of large or medium size ontologies, because an unsatisfiable concept may cause many of its neighboring concepts to be unsatisfiable. The goal of this article is to empower ontology engineering with a user-friendly reasoning mechanism. We propose a pattern-based reasoning approach, which offers 9 patterns of constraint contradictions that lead to unsatisfiability in Object-role (ORM) models. The novelty of this approach is not merely that constraint contradictions are detected, but mainly that it provides the causes and suggestions to resolve contradictions. The approach is implemented in the DogmaModeler ontology engineering tool, and tested in building the CCFORM ontology. We discuss that, although this pattern-based reasoning covers most of contradictions in practice, compared with description logic based reasoning, it is not complete. We argue and illustrate both approaches, pattern-based and description logic-based, their implementation in the DogmaModeler, and conclude that both complement each other from a methodological perspective.
  Keywords: Ontology Engineering; Reasoning; Satisfiability; Model Verification; Debugging; Ontology Tools; Object Role Model.

  close
  @article{JH08,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar and Stijn Heymans},
  title={Towards Pattern-based Reasoning for Friendly Ontology Debugging},
  journal={International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools},
  volume={17},
  number={4},
  pages={607-634},
  month={August},
  year={2008},
  publisher={World Scientific Publishing},
  ISSN={0218-2130},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JH08},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/journals/ijait/JarrarH08},
  DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218213008004072}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman: Ontology Engineering -The DOGMA Approach. Book Chapter in "Advances in Web Semantics";. Volume I, LNCS 4891, Springer.ISBN:978-3540897835. (2008).
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 3

  close
  Abstract. The main goal of this chapter is to present a methodological framework for ontology engineering (called DOGMA), which is aimed to guide ontology builders towards building ontologies that are both highly reusable and usable, easier to build, and smoother to maintain. First, we investigate the main foundational challenges in ontology engineering. We examine to what extent one can build an ontology independently of application requirements at hand. We discuss ontology reusability verses ontology usability. Second, we present the DOGMA approach, and its philosophy and formalization, which suggests that an ontology be built as separate domain axiomatization and application axiomatizations. While a domain axiomatization focuses on the characterization of the intended meaning (i.e. intended models) of a vocabulary at the domain level, application axiomatizations mainly focus on the usability of this vocabulary according to certain application/usability perspectives. An application axiomatization is intended to specify the legal models (a subset of the intended models) of the application(s)' interest. Furthermore, we show how specification languages such as (ORM, UML, EER, OWL, etc.) can be well (re)used in ontology engineering.

  Keywords: Ontology Engineering; Lexical Semantics, DOGMA, Object Role Modeling; ORM;

  close
  @inbook{JM08,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman},
  title={Ontology Engineering -The DOGMA Approach},
  chapter={3},
  year={2008},
  publisher={Springer},
  volume={4891},
  series={LNCS},
  pages={7-34},
  booktitle={Advances in Web Semantic I},
  isbn={978-3540897835},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JM08},
  url={http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1505684},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89784-2_2}
  }
  
  
• Ramon F. Brena, Andreas Schmidt, Mustafa Jarrar, Werner Ceusters, Francisco J. Cantu: (eds): Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and evaluation (OnToContent 2007). In OTM Workshops (1). Volume 5333 of LNCS. page (583), Springer Berlin. ISBN: 9783540888741. . November 2008.
  BibTEX- WWW

  close
  @inproceedings{RSJCC09,
  author={ Ramon F. Brena, Andreas Schmidt and Mustafa Jarrar and Werner Ceusters and Francisco J. Cantu},
  title={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and evaluation(OnToContent 2008)},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2008 Workshops},
  year={2008},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Monterrey, Mexico},
  pages={583},
  volume={5333},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={9783540888741},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88875-8_81},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/resource/publications/conf/otm/BrenaSJCC08},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#RSJCC09},
  }

2007

• Mustafa Jarrar: Mapping ORM into the SHOIN/OWL Description Logic- Towards a Methodological and Expressive Graphical Notation for Ontology Engineering. In OTM workshops, proceeding of the International Workshop on Object-Role Modeling (ORM'07). Volume 4805, LNCS, Pages (729-741), Springer. ISBN: 9783540768890. Portogal. November, 2007
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 5

  close
  Abstract. We map ORM into the SHOIN/OWL, which is the most common description logic in ontology engineering. As SHOIN/OWL is known to be a good compromise between expressiveness and computational complexity, this implies that the ORM constraints mapped in this paper are the constraints that are easier to implement and reason about. Our mappings are implemented as an extension to the DogmaModeler tool, which uses Racer as a background reasoning engine. Furthermore, the expressive, methodological, and graphical capabilities of ORM make it a good candidate for use as a graphical notation for ontology languages. In this way, industrial experts who are not IT savvy will still be able to build and view ontologies without needing to know the logic or reasoning foundations underpinning them.

  close
  @inproceedings{J07b,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Mapping ORM into the SHOIN/OWL description logic- Towards a Methodological and Expressive Graphical Notation for Ontology Engineering},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2007: OTM 2007 Workshops},
  year={2007},
  month={November},
  pages={729-741},
  volume={4805},
  series={LNCS},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Portogal},
  isbn={9783540768890},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#J07b},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/conf/otm/Jarrar07},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76888-3_95}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar: Towards Automated Reasoning on ORM Schemes. -Mapping ORM into the DLR_idf description logic. Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2007). Volume 4801, LNCS, Pages (181-197), Springer. ISBN:9783540755623. New Zealand. November 2007.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 6

  close
  Abstract. The goal of this article is to formalize Object Role Modeling (ORM) using the DLR description logic. This would enable automated reasoning on the formal properties of ORM diagrams, such as detecting constraint contradictions and implications. In addition, the expressive, methodological, and graphical capabilities of ORM make it a good candidate for use as a graphical notation for most description logic languages. In this way, industrial experts who are not IT savvy will still be able to build and view axiomatized theories (such as ontologies, business rules, etc.) without needing to know the logic or reasoning foundations underpinning them. Our formalization in this paper is structured as 29 formalization rules, that map all ORM primitives and constraints into DLR, and 2 exceptions of complex cases. To this end, we illustrate the implementation of our formalization as an extension to DogmaModeler, which automatically maps ORM into DIG and uses Racer as a background reasoning engine to reason about ORM diagrams.

  close
  @inproceedings{J07,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Towards Automated Reasoning on ORM Schemes. -Mapping ORM into the DLR_idf description logic},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2007)},
  year={2007},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={New Zealand},
  pages={181-197},
  volume={4801},
  series={LNCS}, isbn={9783540755623},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#J07},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/conf/er/Jarrar07},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75563-0_14}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar, Andreas Schmidt, Claude Ostyn, and Werner Ceusters (eds): Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and evaluation (OnToContent 2007). In OTM Workshops (1). Volume 4805 of LNCS. page (509), Springer Berlin. ISBN: 978-3540768876. Algarve, Portugal. November 2007.
  BibTEX- WWW

  close
  @inproceedings{JSOC07,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Andreas Schmidt and Claude Ostyn and Werner Ceusters},
  title={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and evaluation (OnToContent 2007)},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2007: OTM 2007 Workshops},
  year={2007},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer Berlin},
  location={Algarve, Portugal},
  pages={509},
  volume={4805},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540768876},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JSOC07},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/conf/otm/JarrarSOC07},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76888-3_73}
  }

2006

• Mustafa Jarrar: Towards the notion of gloss, and the adoption of linguistic resources in formal ontology engineering. In proceedings of the 15th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2006). Edinburgh, Scotland. Pages 497-503. ACM Press. ISBN: 1595933239. May 2006.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 15

  close
  Abstract. In this paper, we (first) introduce the notion of gloss for ontology engineering purposes. We propose that each vocabulary in an ontology should have a gloss. A gloss basically is an informal description of the meaning of a vocabulary that is supposed to render factual and critical knowledge to understanding a concept, but that are unreasonable or very difficult to formalize and/or articulate formally. We present a set of guidelines on what should and should not be provided in a gloss. (Second), we propose to incorporate linguistic resources in the ontology engineering process. We clarify the importance of using lexical resources as a ''consensus reference'' in ontology engineering, and so enabling the adoption of the glosses found is these resources. A linguistic resource (i.e. its list of terms and their definitions) shall be seen as a shared vocabulary space for ontologies. We present an ontology engineering software tool (called DogmaModeler), and illustrate its support of reusing of WordNet's terms and glosses in ontology modeling.

  Keywords: Ontology, Formal ontology engineering, Lexical semantics, Gloss, WordNet, Ontologies and WordNet, DogmaModeler.

  close
  @inproceedings{J06,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Towards the notion of gloss, and the adoption of linguistic resources in formal ontology engineering},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web (WWW2006)},
  year={2006},
  month={May},
  publisher={ACM Press, New York, NY},
  location={Edinburgh, Scotland},
  pages={497-503},
  isbn={1-59593-323-9},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#J06},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/conf/www/Jarrar06},
  doi={http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1135777.1135850}
  }
  
  
• Philippe Cudre-Mauroux, Karl Aberer, Alia Abdelmoty, Tiziana Catarci, Ernesto Damiani, Arantza Illarramendi, Mustafa Jarrar, Robert Meersman, Erich Neuhold, Christine Parent, Kai-Uwe Sattler, Monica Scannapieco, Stefano Spaccapietra, Peter Spyns, and Guy De Tre: Viewpoints on Emergent Semantics. In Stefano Spaccapietra, Karl Aberer, Philippe Cudre-Mauroux (eds): Journal on Data Semantics. 4090(6):1-27. ISBN: 3540367128. Springer. 2006.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 11

  close
  Abstract. We introduce a novel view on how to deal with the problems of semantic interoperability in distributed systems. This view is based on the concept of emergent semantics, which sees both the representation of semantics and the discovery of the proper interpretation of symbols as the result of a self-organizing process performed by distributed agents exchanging symbols and having utilities dependent on the proper interpretation of the symbols. This is a complex systems perspective on the problem of dealing with semantics. We highlight some of the distinctive features of our vision and point out preliminary examples of its application.

  Keywords:Semantic Interoperability, Emergent Semantics, Semantics in Distributed Systems, Ontology.

  close
  @article{CAA06,
  author={ Philippe Cudre-Mauroux and Karl Aberer and Alia Abdelmoty and Tiziana Catarci and Ernesto Damiani and Arantza Illarramendi and Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman and Erich Neuhold and Christine Parent and Kai-Uwe Sattler and Monica Scannapieco and Stefano Spaccapietra and Peter Spyns and Guy De Tre},
  title={Viewpoints on Emergent Semantics},
  journal={Journal on Data Semantics},
  volume={4090},
  year={2006},
  Month={August},
  pages={1-27},
  number={6},
  publisher={Springer},
  series={LNCS},
  issn={0302-9743},
  isbn={3540367128},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#CAA06},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/journals/jods/Cudre-MaurouxAACDIJMNPSSSST06},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11803034_1}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar and Stijn Heymans: Unsatisfiability Reasoning in ORM Conceptual Schemes . In Torsten Grust et al. (eds): Proceeding of International Conference on Semantics of a Networked World. Volume 4254, LNCS, Pages (517-534), Springer. ISBN: 3540467882. Munich, Germany, March 2006.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 16

  close
  Abstract. ORM (Object-Role Modeling) is a rich and well-known conceptual modeling method. As ORM has a formal semantics, reasoning tasks such as satisfiability checking of an ORM schema naturally arise. Satisfiability checking allows a developer to automatically detect contradicting constraints. However, no complete satisfiability checker is known for ORM. In this paper, we revisit existing patterns from literature that indicate unsatisfiability of ORM schemes i.e., schemes that cannot be populated, and we propose refinements as well as additions for them. Although this does not yield a complete procedure - there may be ORM schemes passing the pattern checks while containing unsatisfiable roles - it yields an efficient and easy to implement detection mechanism (specially in interactive modeling tools) for the most common conceptual modeling mistakes.

  Keywords: Object Role Modeling, ORM, NIAM, Conceptual Modeling, Ontology, Unsatisfiability, Reasoning, Decidability, DogmaModeler

  close
  @inproceedings{JH06,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar and Stijn Heymans},
  title={Unsatisfiability Reasoning in ORM Conceptual Schemes},
  booktitle={Proceeeding of International Conference on Semantics of a Networked World (ICSNW 2006)},
  year={2006},
  month={March},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Munich, Germany},
  pages={517-534},
  volume={4254},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540467882},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JH06},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/conf/edbtw/JarrarH06},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11896548_39}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar, Claude Ostyn, Werner Ceusters, and Andreas Persidis (eds):Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and evaluation (OnToContent 2006). In OTM Workshops (2). Volume 4278 of LNCS. page (1011), Springer Berlin. ISBN: 9783540482734. Montpellier, France. November 2006.
  BibTEX- WWW

  close
  @inproceedings{JOCP06,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar and Claude Ostyn and Werner Ceusters and Andreas Persidis},
  title={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Ontology content and evaluation (OnToContent 2006)},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2006: OTM 2006 Workshops},
  year={2006},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer Berlin},
  location={Montpellier, France},
  pages={1011},
  volume={4278},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={9783540482734},
  ee={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11915072_78},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JOCP06}
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/conf/otm/JarrarOCP06},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11915072_1}
  }
  
  
• Katia Sycara, Elizabeth Chang, Ernesto Damiani, Mustafa Jarrar, and Tharam Dillon (eds): Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP WG 2.12 and WG 12.4 International Workshop on Web Semantics (SWWS'06). In OTM Workshops (2). Volume 4278 of LNCS. page (1723), Springer Berlin. ISBN: 9783540482734. Montpellier, France. November 2006.
  BibTEX- WWW

  close
  @inproceedings{SCDJD06,
  author={ Katia Sycara and Elizabeth Chang and Ernesto Damiani and Mustafa Jarrar Tharam Dillon},
  title={Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP WG 2.12 and WG 12.4 International Workshop on Web Semantics (SWWS'06)},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2006: OTM 2006 Workshops},
  year={2006},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer Berlin},
  location={Montpellier, France},
  pages={1723},
  volume={4278},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={9783540482734},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#SCDJD06},
  url={http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/page/publications/conf/otm/SycaraCDJD06},
  doi={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11915072_78}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet, and Paolo Dongilli: Multilingual verbalization of ORM conceptual models and axiomatized ontologies. Technical report. STARLab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, February 2006.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- WWW- Discussion- Cited by 16

  close
  Abstract. We present a novel approach to support multilingual verbalization of logical theories, axiomatizations, and other specifications such as business rules. This engineering solution is demonstrated with the Object Role Modeling language, although its underlying principles can be reused with other conceptual models and formal languages, such as Description Logics, to improve its understandability and usability by the domain expert. Our engineering solution for multilingual verbalization is characterized by its flexibility, extensibility and maintainability of the verbalization templates, which allow for easy augmentation with other languages than the 9 currently supported.

  Keywords: Verbalization, Object Role Modeling, ORM, NIAM, Conceptual Modeling, Ontology, Formal ontology engineering, DOGMA, DogmaModeler, Business Rules

  close
  @techreport{JKD06a,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Maria Keet and Paolo Dongilli},
  title={Multilingual verbalization of ORM conceptual models and axiomatized ontologies},
  institution={Vrije Universiteit Brussel},
  year={2006},
  month={February},
  location={Brussels, Belgium},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JKD06a}
  url={},
  doi={}
  }

2005

• Mustafa Jarrar: Modularization and automatic composition of Object-Role Modeling (ORM) Schemes. In OTM 2005 Workshops, proceedings of the International Workshop on Object-Role Modeling (ORM'05). Volume 3762, LNCS, Pages(613-625), Springer. ISBN: 3540297391. November 2005.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 11

  close
  Abstract. In this paper we present a framework and algorithm for modularization and composition of ORM schemes. The main goals of modularity are to enable and increase reusability, maintainability, distributed development of ORM schemes. Further, we enable effective browsing and management of such schemes through libraries of ORM schema modules. For automatic composition of modules, we present and implement a composition operator: all atomic concepts and their relationships (i.e. fact-types) and all constraints, across the composed modules, are combined together to form one schema (called modular schema).

  Keywords: Object Role Modeling, ORM, NIAM, Conceptual Modeling, Ontology, Formal ontology engineering, DOGMA, DogmaModeler, Modularization, Composition, Reusability, Distributed Development, Maintainability.

  close
  @inproceedings{J05a,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Modularization and Automatic Composition of Object-Role Modeling (ORM) Schemes},
  booktitle={OTM 2005 Workshops, proceeding of the International Workshop on Object-Role Modeling (ORM'05)},
  year={2005},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Larnaca, Cyprus},
  pages={613-625},
  volume={3762},
  isbn={3540297391},
  series={LNCS},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#J05a},
  ee={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11575863_81}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar: Towards methodological principles for ontology engineering. PhD Thesis. Vrije Universiteit Brussel. (May 2005)
  - Abstract - BibTEX- WWW- Discussion- Cited by 41

  close
  @phdthesis{J05,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Towards Methodological Principles for Ontology Engineering},
  school={Vrije Universiteit Brussel},
  year={2005},
  month={May},
  location={Brussels, Belgium},
  institution={Vrije Universiteit Brussel},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/phd-thesis}
  }
  
  
• Tharam Dillon, Ling Feng, Mustafa Jarrar, Aldo Gangemi, Joost Breuker, Jos Lehmann, and Andre Valente (eds): Proceedings of the 1st IFIP WG 2.12 and WG 12.4 International Workshop on Web Semantics (SWWS'06). In OTM Workshops. Volume 3762 of LNCS. Springer. ISBN: 3540297391. Larnaca, Cyprus. November 2005.
  BibTEX- WWW

  close
  @inproceedings{DFJ05,
  author={ Tharam Dillon Ling Feng and Mustafa Jarrar and Aldo Gangemi and Joost Breuker and Jos Lehmann and Andre Valente},
  title={Proceedings of the 1st IFIP WG 2.12 and WG 12.4 International Workshop on Web Semantics (SWWS'06)},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2005: OTM 2005 Workshops},
  year={2005},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Larnaca, Cyprus},
  volume={3762},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540297391},
  ee={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11575863_101},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#DFJ05}
  }

2004

• Karl Aberer, Tiziana Catarci, Philippe Cudre-Mauroux, Tharam Dillon, Stephan Grimm, Mohand-Said Hacid, Arantza Illarramendi, Mustafa Jarrar, Vipul Kashyap, Massimo Mecella, Eduardo Mena, Erich Neuhold, Aris Ouksel, Thomas Risse, Monica Scannapieco, Felix Saltor, Luca De Santis, Stefano Spaccapietra, Steffen Staab, Rudi Studer, and Olga De Troyer: Emergent Semantics Systems. In M. Bouzeghoub, C. Goble, V. Kashyap, S. Spaccapietra, (eds): Proceedings of the first International IFIP Conference on Semantics of a Networked World. Volume 3226, LNCS, pages:14-44 Springer. ISBN: 3540-236090. Paris, France. June 2004.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 25

  close
  Abstract. With ''peer production'' becoming commonplace and new standards like RDF or OWL paving the way for the much anticipated semantic web, a new breed of very large scale semantic systems is about to appear. Traditional semantic reconciliation methods, dependent upon shared vocabularies or global ontologies, cannot be used in such open and dynamic environments. Instead, new heuristics based on emerging properties and local consensuses have to be exploited in order to foster semantic interoperability in the large. In this paper, we outline the main differences between traditional semantic reconciliation methods and these new heuristics. Also, we characterize the resulting emergent semantics systems and provide a couple of hints vis-a-vis their potential applications.

  close
  @inproceedings{ACC04,
  author={ Karl Aberer and Tiziana Catarci and Philippe Cudre-Mauroux and Tharam Dillon and Stephan Grimm and Mohand-Said Hacid and Arantza Illarramendi and Mustafa Jarrar and Vipul Kashyap and Massimo Mecella and Eduardo Mena and Erich Neuhold and Aris Ouksel and Thomas Risse and Monica Scannapieco and Felix Saltor and Luca De Santis and Stefano Spaccapietra and Steffen Staab and Rudi Studer and Olga De Troyer},
  title={Emergent Semantics Systems},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the first International IFIP Conference on Semantics of a Networked World (ICSNW 2004)},
  year={2004},
  month={June},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Paris, France},
  pages={14-44},
  volume={3226},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540-236090},
  ee={http://www.springerlink.com/content/w56el009j4jtl4px/},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#ACC04}
  }
  
  
• Peter Spyns, Sven Van Acker, Marleen Wynants, Mustafa Jarrar, and Andriy Lisovoy: Using a novel ORM-based ontology modelling method to build an experimental Innovation Router. In Enrico Motta et al.(eds): Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Engineering Knowledge in the Age of the Semantic Web (EKAW 2004). Volume 3257, LNCS, pages 82-98, Springer. ISBN: 3540233407. October 2004.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 6

  Abstract...

  Keywords:..

  close
  @inproceedings{SAWJL04,
  author={ Peter Spyns and Sven Van Acker and Marleen Wynants and Mustafa Jarrar AndriyLisovoy},
  title={Using a novel ORM-based ontology modelling method to build an experimental Innovation Router},
  booktitle={Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Engineering Knowledge in the Age of the Semantic Web (EKAW 2004)},
  year={2003},
  month={October},
  publisher={Springer},
  volume={3257},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540233407},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#SAWJL04}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar and Aldo Gangemi (eds): Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Regulatory Ontologies (WORM 2004). In OTM Workshops. Volume 3292, LNCS, Springer. ISBN: 3540236643. Larnaca, Cyprus. November 2004.
  BibTEX- WWW

  close
  @inproceedings{JG04,
  author={Mustafa Jarrar and Aldo Gangemi},
  title={Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Regulatory Ontologies (WORM 2004)},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2004: OTM 2004 Workshops},
  year={2003},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Larnaca, Cyprus},
  volume={3292},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540236643},
  ee={https://springerlink.metapress.com/content/1df292hlh6ufad17/resource-secured/?target=fulltext.pdf},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JG04}
  }

2003

• Mustafa Jarrar, Jan Demey, and Robert Meersman: On Using Conceptual Data Modeling for Ontology Engineering. In Aberer K., March S., and Spaccapietra S., (eds): Journal on Data Semantics, Special issue on "Best papers from the ER/ODBASE/COOPIS 2002 Conferences", 2800(1):185-207. Springer, ISBN: 3540204075. October 2003.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 74

  close
  Abstract. This paper tackles two main disparities between conceptual data schemes and ontologies, which should be taken into account when (re)using conceptual data modeling techniques for building ontologies. Firstly, conceptual schemes are intended to be used during design phases and not at the run-time of applications, while ontologies are typically used and accessed at run-time. To handle this first difference, we define a conceptual markup language (ORM-ML) that allows to represent ORM conceptual diagrams in an open, textual syntax, so that ORM schemes can be shared, exchanged, and processed at the run-time of autonomous applications. Secondly, unlike ontologies that are supposed to hold application-independent domain knowledge, conceptual schemes were developed only for the use of an enterprise application(s), i.e. "in-house" usage. Hence, we present an ontology engineering-framework that enables reusing conceptual modeling approaches in modeling and representing ontologies. In this approach we prevent application-specific knowledge to enter or to be mixed with domain knowledge. To end, we present DogmaModeler: an ontology-engineering tool that implements the ideas presented in the paper.

  Keywords: Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA, DogmaModeler, ORM, ORM-ML.

  close
  @article{JDM03,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Jan Demey and Robert Meersman},
  title={On Using Conceptual Data Modeling for Ontology Engineering},
  journal={Journal on Data Semantics (Special issue on Best papers from the ER/ODBASE/COOPIS 2002 Conferences.)},
  volume={2800},
  year={2003},
  pages={185-207},
  month={October},
  number={1},
  publisher={Springer},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540204075},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JDM03},
  isbn={10.1007/978-3-540-39733-5_8},
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar, Ruben Verlinden, and Robert Meersman: Ontology-based Customer Complaint Management. In OTM 2003 Workshops, proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Regulatory Ontologies and the Modeling of Complaint Regulations. Volume 2889, LNCS, pages:594-606, Springer. ISBN: 3540204946. Sicily, Italy. November 2003.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 27

  close
  Abstract. This paper presents an ontology-based approach for managing and maintaining multilingual online customer complaints. To achieve trust and transparency in e-commerce communications and transactions, effective and cross-border complaint platforms need to be established and may be integrated in e-business activities. The effectiveness and width of such complaint service platforms depend on rising to several challenges, such as the sensitivity of business regulations and complaint resolution, the language and cultural diversity of the cross-border business parties, the extensibility according to the market needs and standards. In this paper, we show how such challenges can be addressed and simplified: first, we propose the construction of an ontology that captures the core knowledge of the customer complaint domain. Second, we show how the extensibility of a complaint platform can be simplified and managed. Finally, we show how a multilingual representation of this ontology may be constructed.
  This paper outlines our main achievements in Topic Panel 6 ("Ontology, Extensibility and Integration"), which is a special interest group in the EU CCFORM Thematic Network project.

  Keywords: Customer Complaint Management, CRM, e-CRM, Ontology, Core Ontology, Customer Complaint Ontology, DOGMA, ORM, Multilingual Representation of Ontologies.

  close
  @inproceedings{JVM03,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Ruben Verlinden and Robert Meersman},
  title={Ontology-based Customer Complaint Management},
  booktitle={OTM 2003 Workshops, proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on RegulatoryOntologies and the Modeling of Complaint Regulations},
  year={2003},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Sicily, Italy},
  pages={594-606},
  volume={2889},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540204946},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JVM03},
  ee={https://springerlink.metapress.com/content/u3ylm4ebmk49pqhj/resource-secured/?target=fulltext.pdf}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar and Anne Salaun (eds): proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Regulatory Ontologies and the Modeling of Complaint Regulations (WORM CoRe 2003). Volume 2889, LNCS, Springer. ISBN: 3540204946. Sicily, Italy. November 2003.
  BibTEX- WWW

  close
  @inproceedings{JS03,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Anne Salaun},
  title={Proceedings of the 1st international Workshop on Regulatory ontologies and the modeling of complaint regulations (WORM CoRe 2003)},
  booktitle={On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2003: OTM 2003 Workshops},
  year={2003},
  month={November},
  publisher={Springer},
  location={Sicily, Italy,}
  volume={2889},
  series={LNCS},
  isbn={3540204946},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JS03},
  ee={https://springerlink.metapress.com/content/mutgyw8nh2qw7kdn/resource-secured/?target=fulltext.pdf}
  }

2002

• Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman: Formal Ontology Engineering in the DOGMA Approach. In proceedings of the International Conference on Ontologies, Databases, and Applications of Semantics (ODBase 2002). Volume 2519, LNCS, Pages: 1238-1254, Springer. ISBN:3540001069. October 2002.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 68

  close
  

  Abstract. This paper presents a specifically database-inspired approach (called DOGMA) for engineering formal ontologies, implemented as shared resources used to express agreed formal semantics for a real world domain. Our methodology aims to addresses several related issues, such as (a) the scalability of building and sharing ontologies; (b) the maximization of knowledge reusability; (c) the design and engineering process, that also simplifies building and managing ontologies; (d) the coexistence of several rule systems and ontology languages around a same ontology; and (e) the reconcile of the need to represent semantics independently from language with the need to create and use processes entirely rooted and described in (natural) language. We first define formal ontologies in a logic sense, i.e. as ''representationless'' mathematical objects that form the range of a classical interpretation mapping from a first order language (sometimes called a conceptual schema, and assumed to lexically represent an application), to a set of possible (''plausible'') conceptualizations of the real world domain. We then give a database-inspired ''view'' on implementations of ontologies seen as resources. Following common model-theoretic database practice we decompose such resources into ontology bases and into of their explicit so-called ontological commitments. Such architecture allows to make the latter (crucial) notion explicit as a separate layer, with concrete and dedicated services, mediating between the ontology base and the application instances that commit to the ontology. We claim it also leads to methodological approaches that naturally extend database modeling theory and practice, and so may in turn lead to scalable solutions for ontology-based systems. We discuss examples of the DOGMA implementation of the ontology base server and commitment server.

  Keywords: Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA

  close
  @inproceedings{JM02a,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman},
  title={Formal Ontology Engineering in the DOGMA Approach},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics (ODBase 2002)},
  year={2002},
  month={October},
  publisher={Springer Verlag },
  pages={1238-1254},
  volume={2519},
  ee={http://link.springer.de/link/service/series/0558/bibs/2519/25191238.htm},
  series={LNCS },
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JM02a},
  isbn={3540001069}
  }
  
  
• Peter Spyns, Robert Meersman, and Mustafa Jarrar: Data modelling versus Ontology engineering. SIGMOD Record 31(4):12-17. ISSN: 01635808. March 2002.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 167

  close
  

  Abstract. Unlike data models, the main fundamental asset of ontologies is the independency from a particular application's needs, i.e. relatively generic domain knowledge that can be used and reused among different kinds of applications. The first main topic of this paper is to discuss some independency aspects that help to understand the differences and similarities between ontologies and data models. The second main topic of this paper is to present an ontology engineering framework that increases the independency between an ontology and applications that use it. Our ontology engineering approach separates ''atomic'' conceptual relations and ''predicative'' domain rules. An ontology, defined in this way, consists of an ontology base that holds intuitive context-specific conceptual relations and a layer of ''relatively generic'' ontological commitments that hold the ontology rules. The latter may be seen as reusable knowledge components.

  Keywords: Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA.

  close
  @article{SMJ02,
  author={ Peter Spyns and Robert Meersman and Mustafa Jarrar},
  title={Data Modelling versus Ontology Engineering},
  journal={SIGMOD Record},
  volume={31},
  year={2002},
  pages={12-17},
  month={March },
  number={1},
  publisher={ACM Press issn={01635808},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#SMJ02},
  url={http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/637411.637413}
  }
  
  
• Jan Demey and Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman: A Conceptual Markup Language that supports interoperability between Business Rule modeling systems. In proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Cooperative Information Systems (CoopIS 02). Volume 2519, LNCS, Pages: 19-35, Springer, ISBN: 3540001069. October 2002.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 27

  close
  

  Abstract. The Internet creates a strong demand for standardized exchange not only of data itself but especially of data semantics, as this same internet increasingly becomes the carrier of e-business activity (e.g. using web services). One way to achieve this is in the form of communicating ''rich'' conceptual schemas. Conceptual modeling techniques such as EER, ORM and to some extent the UML have been developed in the past for building information systems. These techniques or suitable extensions can often also be used to design business applications at a conceptual level. In this paper we adopt the well-known CM technique of ORM, which has a rich complement of business rule specification, and develop ORM-ML, an XML-based markup language for ORM. Clearly domain modeling of this kind will be closely related to work on so-called ontologies and we will briefly discuss the analogies and differences, introducing methodological patterns for designing distributed business models. Since ORM schemas are typically saved as graphical files, we designed a textual representation as a marked-up document in ORM-ML so we can save these ORM schemas in a more machine exchangeable way that suits networked environments. Moreover, we can now write style sheets to convert such schemas into another syntax, e.g. pseudo natural language, a given rule engine's language, first order logic, a given rule engine's language. We give (in appendix) a complete formal definition (''grammar'') of ORM-ML as an XML Schema, a comprehensive description of all of ORM's business rules in ORM-ML syntax and present an algorithm to map ORM schemas into ORM-ML. We illustrate the concept on a number of examples.

  Keywords: Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA

  close
  @inproceedings{DJM02a,
  author={ Jan Demey and Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman},
  title={A Conceptual Markup Language That Supports Interoperability between Business Rule Modeling Systems},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Cooperative Information Systems (CoopIS 2002)},
  year={2002},
  month={October },
  publisher={Springer },
  pages={19-35},
  volume={2519},
  ee={http://link.springer.de/link/service/series/0558/bibs/2519/25190019.htm},
  series={LNCS},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#DJM02a},
  isbn={3540001069}
  }
  
  
• Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman: Scalability and Knowledge Reusability in Ontology Modeling. In Veljko Milutinovic (eds): Proceedings of the International conference on Infrastructure for e-Business, e-Education, e-Science, and e-Medicine (SSGRR 2002s). Scuola Superiore G Reiss Romoli. Rome, Italy. August 2002.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 20

  close
  

  Abstract. The purpose thesis of this paper is to present and discuss the scalability and reusability capabilities of DOGMA, an ontology modeling approach. Ontologies are repositories of domain knowledge and essential for knowledge management in organizations and for achieving interoperation among information systems. In the DOGMA ontology server architecture, we implement ontologies as classical database resources separating the ''fact base'' from the constraints, rules, derivations etc. that commit an application to such a given ontology ''base''. This separation allows an increased degree of scalability and reusability for the activities of ontology building. These are key issues in the context of the so-called Semantic Web where very large numbers of partial ontologies will emerge.

  Keywords: Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA
  

  close
  @inproceedings{JM02b,
  author={ Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman},
  title={Scalability and Knowledge Reusability in Ontology Modeling},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the International conference on Infrastructure for e-Business, e-Education, e-Science, and e-Medicine (SSGRR 2002s)},
  year={2002},
  month={August},
  publisher={Scuola Superiore G Reiss Romoli},
  location={Rome, Italy},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#JM02b}
  }
  
  
• Jan Demey, Mustafa Jarrar, and Robert Meersman: A Markup Language for ORM Business Rules. In Schroeder M. and Wagner G. (eds.): Proceedings of the International Workshop on Rule Markup Languages for Business Rules on the Semantic Web (RuleML 2002). Volume 60 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Pages:107-128, CEUR-WS.org. June 2002.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 19

  close
  

  Abstract.{ Conceptual modeling techniques such as EER, ORM and to some extent the UML have been developed in the past for building information systems. These techniques or suitable extensions can often also be used to design business rules at a conceptual level. In particular in this paper we adopt the well-known CM technique of ORM, which has a rich complement of business rule specification, and develop ORM -ML, an XML-based markup language for ORM. Clearly domain modeling of this kind will be closely related to work on so-called ontologies and we will briefly discuss the analogies and differences. Since ORM schemas are typically saved as graphical files, we designed a textual representation as a marked-up document in ORM-ML so we can save these ORM schemas in a more machine exchangeable way over the Internet. Moreover, we can now write style sheets to convert such schemas into another syntax, e.g. pseudo natural language, first order logic, a given rule engine's language, etc. We give (in appendix) a complete formal definition (''grammar'') of ORM-ML as an XML Schema, a comprehensive description of all of ORM's business rules in ORM-ML syntax and present an algorithm to map ORM schema's into ORM-ML. We illustrate the concept on a number of examples.

  Keywords: {Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA
  

  close
  @inproceedings{{DJM02b,
  author={ Jan Demey and Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman},
  title={A Markup Language for ORM Business Rules},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the International Workshop on Rule Markup Languages for Business Rules on the Semantic Web (RuleML 2002)},
  year={2002},
  month={June},
  publisher={CEUR Workshop Proceedings},
  pages={107-128},
  volume={60},
  ee={http://SunSITE.Informatik.RWTH-Aachen.DE/publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-60/jarrar.pdf},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#DJM02b},
  
  
  
• Peter Spyns, Daniel Oberle, Raphael Volz, Jijuan Zheng, Mustafa Jarrar, York Sure, Rudi Studer, and Robert Meersman:OntoWeb- a Semantic Web Community Portal. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management (PAKM 2002). Volume 2569, LNCS, Pages: 189-200, Springer. ISBN: 3540003142. December 2002.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 54

  close
  

  Abstract.This paper describes a semantic portal through which knowledge can be gathered, stored, secured and accessed by members of a certain community. In particular, this portal takes into account companies and research institutes participating in the E. U. funded thematic network called OntoWeb. Ontology-based annotation of information is a prerequisite in order to offer the possibility of knowledge retrieval and extraction. The usage of well-defined semantics allows for the knowledge exchange between different OntoWeb community members. Thus, members are able to publish annotated information on the web, which is then crawled by a syndicator and stored in the portal's knowledge base. The backbone of the portal architecture consists of a knowledge base in which the ontology and the instances are stored and maintained. In addition, ontology-boosted query mechanisms and presentation facilities are provided.

  Keywords: Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA.
  

  close
  @inproceedings{SOV02,
  author={ Peter Spyns and Daniel Oberle and Raphael Volz and Jijuan Zheng and Mustafa Jarrar and York Sure and Rudi Studer and Robert Meersman},
  title={OntoWeb - A Semantic Web Community Portal},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management (PAKM 2002)},
  year={2002},
  month={December},
  publisher=Springer },
  pages={189-200},
  volume={2569},
  series={LNCS},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#SOV02},
  isbn={3540003142}
  }
  
  
• Jan De Bo, Mustafa Jarrar, Ben Majer, and Robert Meersman: Ontology-based author profiling of documents. In Catizone R. (eds), Proceedings of the Workshop Event Modeling for Multilingual Document Linking (LREC 2002). ELRA, pages: 23-28. Gran Canaria. 2002.
  - Abstract - BibTEX- Discussion- Cited by 3

  close
  

  Abstract. In this paper we present the advantages of using an ontology service for the modelling of user profiles in the EC FP5 IST project NAMIC (IST-1999-12392). By means of an ontology server people set up user profiles, which are in fact views, i.e. specifications of queries on the ontology. These views are constructed using a JAVA API, which forms the commitment layer of the ontology, built on top of an ontology base. In NAMIC an ontology server is used to establish a link between the lexical object representations, generated by the natural language processors (NLP) on the one hand and the user's interest, specified through the selection of relevant concepts and facts of the ontology on the other. This allows to specify a user profile independently of language, categorization and NLP specific world models. Users then set up a profile consisting of events, agents participating in these events and other content information in which they are interested in. For instance, a journalist writing articles about financial issues may be interested in related documents containing a ''raise event'' of company shares. If he has specified those conditions in his profile he will be able to retrieve resources which contain events that are semantically related to that kind of event pattern. User profiles in NAMIC do not have to be static. The results of processing by the NLPs of a document the user is currently working on, may be used to construct a dynamic profile, which may contain events specific for that document. This way a user's profile can be dynamically adapted to his current interests. We also developed a tool which illustrates the creation of user profiles using ontological concepts and facts.

  Keywords: Ontology, Conceptual data modeling, Context, Ontology tools, Reusability, DOGMA

  close
  @inproceedings{DJMM02,
  author={ Jan De Bo and Mustafa Jarrar and Ben Majer and Robert Meersman},
  title={Ontology-based author profiling of documents},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the Workshop Event Modeling for Multilingual Document Linking (LREC 2002)},
  year={2002},
  publisher={ELRA},
  location={Gran Canaria},
  pages={23-28},
  url={http://www.jarrar.info/publications/#DJMM02}
  }

• Mustafa Jarrar and Mohammed Eldammagh: Reasoning on ORM using Racer. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. August 2007
  - BibTEX- Cited by 11

• Mustafa Jarrar: ORM Markup Language, version 3. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. January 2007
  - BibTEX- Cited by 5

  close
  

  Abstract. In this technical report, we define a conceptual markup language (ORM-ML) for the ORM graphical notation. It is an extension of the ORM-ML version 2 that has been published in J05 . The first version ORM-ML appeared in JDM03 and DJM02a . This version provides an improved version of the previous versions, allows representing modular schemes, and introduces a decent a set of metadata elements. Section 1 provides a brief introduction and discuss our motives for constructing the ORM markup language, the ORM markup language itself is presented in section 2. To end, section 3 draws some conclusions and summarizes the main advantages and usage of ORM-ML in a general sense.

  Keywords: ORM, ORM Markup Language, Conceptual data modeling, Ontology tools, DogmaModeler

• Mustafa Jarrar, Luk Vervenne, Diana Maynard: HR-Semantics Roadmap- The Semantic challenges and opportunities in the Human Resources domain. Technical Report. The Ontology Outreach Advisory, Belgium. (OOA-HR/2007-08-20/v025). August 2007
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  Abstract. In this technical report, we define a conceptual markup language (ORM-ML) for the ORM graphical notation. It is an extension of the ORM-ML version 2 that has been published in J05 . The first version ORM-ML appeared in JDM03 and DJM02a . This version provides an improved version of the previous versions, allows representing modular schemes, and introduces a decent a set of metadata elements. Section 1 provides a brief introduction and discuss our motives for constructing the ORM markup language, the ORM markup language itself is presented in section 2. To end, section 3 draws some conclusions and summarizes the main advantages and usage of ORM-ML in a general sense.

  Keywords: ORM, ORM Markup Language, Conceptual data modeling, Ontology tools, DogmaModeler

• Mustafa Jarrar, Diana Maynard, Jeroen Hoppenbrouwers, and Zhisheng Huang: Ontology Outreach to Industry. Deliverable D3.1.6 (WP1.3), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. June 2007.
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• Jorg Diederich, Diana Maynard, Frank van Harmelen, York Sure, Sylvain Dehors, Mustafa Jarrar, Martin Dzbor, Dnyanesh Rajpathak, Marco Ronchetti, Steven Willmott, and Heiner Stuckenschmidt: Published learning resources and evaluation of REASE. Deliverable D3.1.5v2 (WP3.2), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2007.
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2006

• Giorgos Stoilos, Giorgos Stamou, Rob Searer, Ian Horrocks, Jeff Z. Pan, Alex Polleres, Holger Lausen, Mustafa Jarrar,Carlos F. Enguix, Holger Wache, York Sure: The Analysis of Requirements for Further Language Extensions. Deliverable D2.5.4 (WP2.5), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2006.
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Werner Ceusters, Diana Maynard, Rob Shearer, Lyndon Nixon, Elena Paslaru, and Malgorzata Mochol: The Ontology Outreach Advisory Requirements, Ontology Evaluation, Recommendation, and Standardization. Deliverable D1.3.3 (WP1.3), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2006.
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• Stefano Spaccapietra, Maarten Menken, Heiner Stuckenschmidt, HolgerWache, Luciano Serafini, Andrei Tamilin, Mustafa Jarrar, Fabio Porto, Christine Parent, Alan Rector, Jeff Pan, Mathieu d'Aquin, Jean Lieber, Amedeo Napoli, Giorgos Stoilos, Vassilis Tzouvaras, Giorgos Stamou: Modularization of Ontologies. Deliverable D2.1.3.1 (WP2.1), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2006.
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet: An Arabic Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet, Nuria Casellas: A Catalan Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet: An English Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet: A Dutch Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet, Paolo Dongilli: An German Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet, Paolo Dongilli: Deutsche Schablonen fur ORM konzeptionelle Modelle und Regeln. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Paolo Dongilli, Maria Keet: An Italian Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Paolo Dongilli, Maria Keet: Modello italiano di verbalizzazione per modelli concettuali e regole ORM. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet, Juozas Gordevicius: An Lithuanian Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet, Juozas Gordevicius: Lietuviskas verbalizacijos sablonas skirtas ORM konceptiniams modeliams ir taisyklems. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Andriy Lisovoy, Vladislav Ryzhikov, Maria Keet: An Russian Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Keet, Nuria Casellas: An Spanish Verbalization Templates for ORM conceptual models and rules. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2006
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2005

• Alain Leger and Mustafa Jarrar: Outreach to Industry, Industry board members and Economic Sectors. Deliverable D1.1.1v2 (WP1.1), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. August 2005.
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• Lyndon Nixon, Malgorzata Mochol, Mustafa Jarrar, Stamatia Dasiopoulou, Vasileios Papastathis, and Yiannis Kompatsiaris: Prototypical business use cases. Deliverable D1.1.2 (WP1.1), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2005.
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• Asuncion Gomez-Perez, Elena Paslaru Bontas, Jens Hartmann, Lyndon Nixon, Mustafa Jarrar, Maria Carmen Suarez-Figueroa, and Raul Garcia-Castro: Identification of standards on metadata for ontologies. Deliverable D1.3.2 (WP1.1), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2005.
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• Jerome Euzenat, Thanh Le Bach, Jesus Barrasa, Paolo Bouquet, Jan De Bo, Rose Dieng, Marc Ehrig, Manfred Hauswirth, Mustafa Jarrar, Ruben Lara, Diana Maynard, Amedeo Napoli, Giorgos Stamou, Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Pavel Shvaiko, Sergio Tessaris, Sven Van Acker, Ilya Zaihrayeu: Ontology Alignment - State of the Art. Deliverable D2.2.3 (WP2.2), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2005.
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• Holger Wache, Luciano Serafini, Raul Garcia-Castro, Perry Groot, Asuncion Gomez-Perez, Mustafa Jarrar, Yiannis Kompatsiaris, Diana Maynard, Jeff Pan, Rosario Plaza-Arteche, Floris Roelofsen, Stefano Spaccapietra, Giorgos Stamou, Andrei Tamilin, and Ilya Zaihrayeu: survey of scalability techniques for reasoning with ontologies. Deliverable D2.1.1 (WP2.1), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. January 2005.
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2004

• Alain Leger, Mustafa Jarrar, Robert Meersman, Robert Tolksdorf, and Roberta Cuel: Industry board members list, clustering and organizational and operational charter (MoU). Deliverable D1.1.v1 (WP1.1), The Knowledge Web Network of Excellence (NoE) IST-2004-507482, Luxemburg. July 2004.
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2003

• Mustafa Jarrar , Marleen Wynants, Sven Van Acker, Peter Spyns: Building an experimental Ontology-based Router for Innovation, and Innovation Ontology. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. 2003.
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• Mustafa Jarrar and Andriy Lisovoy: DogmaModeler, a tool for ontology engineering. Deliverable D6.2 (WP 6), The FFPOIROT IP project (IST-2001-38248), 5th framework, Brussels. May 2003.
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Andriy Lisovoy, Ruben Verlinden, and Robert Meersman: Ontoform Ontology based CCForms demo. Deliverable D6.8, The CCFORM Thematic Network (IST-2001-34908), 5th framework, Brussels. 2003.
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Andriy Lisovoy, Ruben Verlinden, and Robert Meersman: Simple XForm Demo. Deliverable D6.7, The CCFORM Thematic Network (IST-2001-34908), 5th framework, Brussels. 2003.
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2002

• Mustafa Jarrar, Ben Majer, Robert Meersman, Peter Spyns, Rudi Studer , York Sure, Rafael Volz: Web Portal: complete ontology and portal. Deliverable D6.3, The OntoWeb Thematic Network (IST-2000-29243), 5th framework, Brussels. 2002.
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• Mustafa Jarrar, Jan Demey, Robert Meersman: Exchanging ORM Schemas using a Conceptual Markup Language. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. (2002)
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• Robert Meersman and Mustafa Jarrar: An Architecture and Toolset for Practical Ontology Engineering. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.(2002)
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2001

• Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman: Marrying Database and Ontology. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.(2001)
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• Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman: Practical Ontologies and their Interpretations in Applications: the DOGMA Experiment. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.(2001)
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• Mustafa Jarrar and Robert Meersman: Inductive/Deductive Approaches for Semantic Searches in Digital Libraries. Technical Report. STAR Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. (2001)
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